Amajyambere yiterambere ryumugabane wa Leta LED LED yagabanije isoko ryayo rinini rizatera imbere munganda nini.Muri rusange, inganda zo murugo mubijyanye nubunini ntizishimishije, ikibazo gisanzwe ni inganda zuzuzanya hamwe na LCD panelindustry, inganda za IC murugo ubu ni umurizo hagati yabaturage bayo, inganda za LCDpanel zuzuyemo uburwayi, inganda zikoranabuhanga, ishoramari rinini hamwe n’ibikorwa remezo bidakomeye niyo mpamvu nyamukuru, mu gihe inganda za LED zizaca umuvumo, kandi zishobora kuzana ivugurura ry’inganda, nk’inganda zo mu gihugu muri Imashini zitwara LCD ntizitwara gusa, kubera ko inganda za LCD zituruka hanze yigihugu, zishyigikiwe nisoko rinini, LED Driver IC biteganijwe ko izatera imbere mugihugu kugirango iteze imbere imishinga yimbere mu gihugu nini kandi ikomeye, ibyo bikaba byinjiza wil1 biteza imbere imashini itwara LCD imbere. cyangwa andi majyambere akoreshwa.

Inganda za LED mu Bushinwa muri iki gihe ni imbogamizi zishingiye ku kuba ibicuruzwa bya LED biva mu nganda zo mu gihugu ndetse no mu rwego rwa tekiniki mu mahanga hari icyuho runaka mu gukurikirana abakiriya bo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu gihe kibi;Icya kabiri, uruganda rukora IC imbere mu gihugu ugereranije nu Buyapani, Koreya na Tayiwani, ibyo bibuga bikomeye bya LED bidakomeye, LED opitaxy, ubushobozi bwo gukora chip, gukunda ikoranabuhanga hamwe n’inkunga idahwitse y’ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe, umurongo wo kwigira igihe kirekire wil1 bifata igihe cyo guhinga;Icya gatatu, ingano yubucuruzi bwa domic LED iracyari mike1, inyinshi murizo ntizigeze zirenga 100kk / ingufu zukwezi (icyatsi kibisi), iyi leta ya affalrs mumyaka ibiri iri imbere izanozwa;bine, R & D yibanze mu Bidasanzwe no mu bigo by’ubushakashatsi, umusaruro mu mishinga, kutagira ibisubizo bya R & D bivuye mu nganda zihuse z’inganda zihindura imashini, bigomba gutangwa n’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi mu ikoranabuhanga mu nganda zo muri Tayiwani cy’ubushakashatsi bwagezweho mu buryo bwa tekiniki kugira ngo byihute. igipimo cyo guhindura ibintu byagezweho mu ikoranabuhanga hamwe n’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi mu bya siyansi ntibishobora kuba ku nganda zabo bwite aho kuba ibisubizo by’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho no kwimurira mu nganda ku gihe, Guverinoma igomba kugena iterambere ry’imyitwarire ijyanye na politiki; batanu mu gihugu badafite patenti z’ibanze, cyane cyane bifitanye isano ku nganda mu iterambere rirambye rya patenti ya Blu-ray hamwe no kubura urumuri rwera, bizafasha iterambere rirambye ryinganda zo murugo gukora.Ibigo by’Ubushinwa muri iki cyiciro cyane cyane ku cyiciro cya mbere, amasosiyete mato, abakora shobuja ntibabangamira ipatanti, ibibazo by’ipatanti ntabwo bigaragara cyane, Icyakora, hamwe no guteza imbere no kwagura imishinga ya domestíc, iyo igipimo kigeze kuri runaka urugero, ingamba ziterambere "kugenda", bizahinduka ibibazo byipatanti.Kugeza ubu, ibigo byimbere mu gihugu kugirango bikure binini, bitezimbere umusaruro nu rwego rwa tekiniki rwakazi kingenzi cyane ni ugutezimbere ibigo bitanga impushya zibaza igiciro icyo gihe, cyangwa gucika buhoro buhoro binyuze mumasoko ya R & D.

Twizera ko inganda za LED mu Bushinwa zifite amahirwe menshi yo gutera imbere, dushingiye ku ngingo zikurikira: Icya mbere, kubijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga, ikoranabuhanga rya LED rifite icyuho kinini

gukura, ibintu ntarengwa biranga ubushakashatsi, kwirundanyiriza igihe kirekire murugo muri semiconductor fleld yumutungo wubushakashatsi birashobora kuba ingirakamaro w shingiro ryiza ryo gukomeza kwiga.Nubwo gukora cireuits ihuriweho hashingiwe ku rwego rudakomeye, ugereranije n’ikoranabuhanga rito, ariko ibigo bimwe na bimwe byo mu gihugu bifatanya n’abakozi bo mu mahanga, bikomeje gutera intambwe mu ikoranabuhanga, urwego rw’ikoranabuhanga mu bigo by’imbere mu gihugu hamwe n’amasosiyete meza afite urwego rw’ikoranabuhanga rwa Tayiwani cyangwa bitarenze kimwe n’amasosiyete mpuzamahanga. muri rusange yagiye igabanya icyuho;Icya kabiri, LED ishora mu buryo bugereranije ishoramari rito rya mbere rizaba miliyoni 100 z’inganda, inganda zo mu gihugu zinjire mu mbibi z’iterambere rito, byoroshye kugera ku iterambere ryihuse no gukora imiyoboro ihuriweho hamwe n’inganda zikora ibicuruzwa biva mu mazi byoroshye kugeza kuri miliyari icumi za miliyari z'uan mu ishoramari ni “ bidafite akamaro "byoroshye kugera ku bigo byimbere mu gihugu kugira ngo bibumbire mu nganda, byanze bikunze, bishobora no gutuma habaho irushanwa ribi ndetse no ku cyiciro runaka cyiterambere ry’isoko;Thírd, isoko ryimbere mu gihugu rikomeye, isoko rya LED nisoko rikurikira ryamatara rusange, ubushobozi bwisoko, isoko ryanyuma-abaguzi, ryatatanye kandi bigoye gushiraho monopole, ahantu hanini ho gutura mubigo byimbere mu gihugu;Icya kane, ibigo bimwe bifite ishingiro ryuburenganzira bwubwenge, nka kristaline silicon ifoto ya voltale aubatrate ishobora.

Imishinga ya GaN-ray, Umuhanda wa Dallan, aron ya Reta zunzubumwe zamerika hamwe na tekinoroji ya chip, ifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana nisi yose yibikorwa byiterambere ryikoranabuhanga Mu buryo bwa domonstration effoct yoroshye kandi iteza imbere iterambere ryiza ryisoko ryubucuruzi bwimbere mu gihugu; batanu, nyuma yo gukura ya tekinoloji, LID downatream ipakira hamwe na devices ni umusaruro udashingiye kumurimo, iterambere ryumugabane wigihugu hamwe nigiciro cyakazi inyungu.

Inzira yiterambere ituruka mu nganda za LED, igurishwa ryisi yose ya LED ukurikije isoko rya thé-market kuri ubu niryo soko rinini rya terefone igendanwa, aho igurishwa rya terefone igendanwa ryagabanutse, kimwe na ecran ya OLED kuri terefone igendanwa TFT-LCD kugira ngo yongere iterambere rya umuvuduko witerambere ryisi yose ya LED.Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga nkigisubizo cyo kugabanya ibiciro muri iki gihe (ndetse niyo

pre-2010) ntibihagije kugirango yemererwe kugera kumurongo rusange ukoresha urumuri rwa LED, kuzamuka kwisi bizaba ikaye ikurikira, LCD.Amatara ya TV, hamwe namasoko yimodoka hamwe nimodoka yimbere itara ryimbere.Asthe ya mbere yambere ya LCD kwisi (LG Philips, Samsung, AUO, CMO na Sharp) murwego rwohejuru rwa tekinoroji ya LED, ubushobozi bunini bwo gukora mubuyapani, Tayiwani na Koreya yepfo, BOE gusa murugo, amashanyarazi ya polish hamwe na paneli ya Five Dragon PY ya batatu imirongo, 4.5-ibisekuruza bya Shanghai Tianmaproduction umurongo bizashobora nyuma yo gukenera urumuri rwa LED, ariko icyifuzo rusange ntabwo cyiganje, ibigo byimbere mu gihugu byerekanaga LCD paneli yamatara ya LED itanga amafaranga ntagomba guhuza ikibanza kinini cyinyuma hamwe na terefone igendanwa. Ese quito irasa.

Gukoresha isoko ryubushinwa muriki cyiciro cyane cyane mumatara yububiko, kwerekana imbere no hanze, hashingiwe kumpamvu zavuzwe haruguru, imbaraga nyamukuru yumurongo utaha irashobora kugaragara kumasoko, ariko muri terefone zigendanwa, urumuri ruto rwa LCD, imodoka kwinjira biziyongera, kandi amasoko amwe yatatanye nkamatara ya splal azafungura cyane (igiciro cyibisabwa byihariye byo kumurika kumurongo rusange-ntabwo bikabije).Nyuma yuko hashyizwe mumyaka mike ishize, amatara yumuhanda LED arakunzwe cyane, asthe LED ubuzima burebure, igihe gito biragoye cyane kuyisimbuza muri.ibyabaye kumurimo munini, ukora amatara ya LED mugihe cyigihe gito gisabwa;isoko rinini rya sedan yo mu gihugu, buthigher, uburebure bwikizamini, mugihe cyose hari ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa byiza, amatara yo mu gihugu vèhicle amatara yo mu mucyo LED yamurika kandi bikabije ku isoko ryinshi no kuzamuka kw'ibikenewe muri iri soko birahagaze neza;na LED yerekana byoroshye guteranya, ingufu nkeya, kumurika cyane, nibindi byakoreshejwe cyane kuri banki, impapuro zagaciro, kwaduka, gariyamoshi, ibibuga by'imikino, ejo hazaza h'iri soko haracyari amahirwe menshi yo kuzamuka;mu mikino Olempike, Imurikagurisha ry’isi, ibikorwa byinshi byo kwerekana umujyi nijoro byerekana umushinga, iyobowe n’umushinga w’umucyo wa Semiconductor National Light, kimwe n’impamvu nyinshi nziza, nko kuzamura, isoko ry’amatara yubatswe riracyari ibyiringiro byinshi.

Muri rusange kuvugaíng, amasosiyete menshi manini mpuzamahanga yibanze ku isoko ryo hejuru, yibanda cyane ku isoko "ryiteguye", ndetse no kumurika muri rusange isoko rinini rishobora kuba, kandi bimwe mubicuruzwa bizaba ari bike bya tekinike requlrementa ko ejo hazaza h'ubuyobozi bwegerejwe abaturage. imiterere yisoko idakomeye kubera ukuboko kwinshi kubera patenti nyinshi, ntugahangayikishwe nigihe kizaza kiva kumasoko muriki cyiciro kugirango udakurikirana ubushobozi bwumusaruro (buri kwezi kuri Nichia 500kk, Toyoda Gosei na Cree byari 350kk na 300kk) .Iyi "centre - peripheri" yo guhatanira biteganijwe ko izakomeza igihe kirekire.

Kugeza ubu, inganda zikomeye ku isoko ry’umugabane wa Afurika, niba ubwoba bw’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bizahura n’ibibazo bibiri: Icya mbere, amasosiyete mpuzamahanga mpuzamahanga mu manza z’ipatanti (cyane cyane ubururu n'umweru), yanduye, igihe cyose kingana, atitaye ku byoherezwa mu mahanga na niba ipatanti izahura nibibazo, ariko kohereza hanze

kuburana birashoboka cyane ko umubare wa;Icya kabiri, irushanwa ryabandi bacuruzi bo hanze, cyane cyane abakora ibicuruzwa muri Tayiwani, Abanyayiwani bakora inganda gakondo bakurikije ingamba zabo - kandi ikoranabuhanga ryangiza amasosiyete mpuzamahanga, icyarimwe ritezimbere cyane umusaruro, kugabanya ibiciro nubushobozi bwumusaruro muri Tayiwani chip ya mbere kwisi, hariho izindi nganda nyinshi nkigihangange HonHai, Mau, zose hamwe ni nziza kwinjira muri kano karere, zirashobora kugira ingaruka ku ihinduka rya Talwan LED chip ku isoko ry’ibiciro by’isoko ku isi, Urebye isoko rikomeye ry’imbere mu gihugu, inganda zikomoka mu gihugu, kabone niyo 1t ishobora Wishingikirize ku isoko ryimbere mu majyambere yiterambere rihagije, niba abasangirangendo ba thephotovoltalc mumahanga batabona imipaka ku masoko yimbere mu gihugu, amasosiyete yimbere mu gihugu azahura n’ingutu zikomeje guhatanwa, ibyo bikaba biterwa n’inganda ndende zo mu gihugu igihe kirekire 1s amagambo mabi cyane.LEDindustry iratera imbere muriki cyiciro, ariko kandi imiterere ya LED makersa yerekana ishoramari ryimbere mu gihugu, ry’amahanga mu gihugu cya Mainland kugirango ryishimire imisoro, ibigo byimbere mu gihugu guhatanira positíon itangana kugirango yerekane narket yimbere mu bashoramari b’abanyamahanga igomba gushishikarizwa gushinga inganda muri Ubushinwa kugira uruhare mu kwegera abaturage, ikoranabuhanga rya chip, nk'inganda, ibyo bigo birashobora guteza imbere amahugurwa y'abakozi no kuzamura urwego rusange rw'ubuhanga;bigomba kugarukira gusa kuri ibyo bikoresho mu gihugu, epitaxial, chip, nkigice cyikoranabuhanga ryibanze forthe umwuga ku isoko ry’amahanga kuva mu ruganda, Iyo ikarita yo guhohotera mu turere twose twibanze, kandi ba rwiyemezamirimo baho ntibishimira inyungu ziterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, iterambere n'umwanya muto, ndatinya ko bazitondera tó bashingiye ku ntambara y'ibiciro, ntabwo bigoye cyane gutondeka ibintu byabo bwite, bityo rero ukemure igice cyapakiye gusa mubushinwa kugirango ugabanye ishoramari ryamahanga, nkibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga biva kuri chíp.

Uhereye kubibazo bya patenti bireba, ntabwo biteye ubwoba, mugihe cyose abanywanyi bacu nyamukuru, bagomba kwishyura, turacyarushanwa muburyo bumwe.Igice kinini cya Tayiwani kirimo uruganda rwa LED rwubururu n'umweru rwera murwego rwo gukura rwashyize mu bikorwa imanza LED, zageze ku bwumvikane mu manza za ohtain patent, contintte gukura.Igisubizo cya Thebest nugukora muriki cyiciro kinini, kugera kuri patenti, mugihe kimwe icyarimwe gushimangira R & D yacyo kugirango tunoze ipatanti mububasha bwo guhahirana.Imishinga yo mu rugo ukurikije ingano, Xiamen San'an irashobora gutangiza imikurire y "umubatizo wa mbere."

Iterambere ry’inganda zizaza wi11 biterwa nibintu bibiri, icya mbere, ikoranabuhanga, harimo no kunoza imikorere itanga urumuri no kugabanya ikiguzi cyikoranabuhanga mugutezimbere ikoranabuhanga ryibikoresho byamashanyarazi, kuyobora umuhanda hariho kwagura ikoranabuhanga ribaho, ariko kandi inzira zishoboka zikoranabuhanga rishya ;harimo no kubona ibicuruzwa byikoranabuhanga byujuje ubuziranenge, _kandi na sisitemu yo hanze nko kumurika igishushanyo mbonera hamwe na tekinoroji ikoreshwa na chip;Icya kabiri, igipimo, kuruhande rumwe, bitewe nubunini bunini bwo kugabanya ibiciro, imbaraga zikomeye zo kwisoko; Ku rundi ruhande, ibivanze hamwe na IC wafer yakozwe na silicon ikoreshwa biratandukanye cyane, kabone niyo byiyongera ku musaruro umwe bivuye mu mikorere ya chip. Birashobora kuba bitandukanye cyane, bisaba ko bihinduka cyane murwego rwo gusaba (nkurumuri rudasanzwe rwa LCD), kwagura An Hariho igice cya tomeet gusa ibisabwa, ariko ibigo binini binini, umubare wurwego rwimiterere yisoko, birashobora kuba bidahuye hamwe nibisabwa kumasoko adasanzwe doployment ya chip produeta kurindi soko, ibicuruzwa byose bya societe kugirango bigabanye efflclency yuzuye.

Inganda za LED ejo hazaza heza, ariko gusa mubice byavuzwe haruguru mubice bibiri byinganda zikomeye ni umwami uzaza.

Umwanzuro: Isosiyete yatanze ibitekerezo, ibigo bya domostio bigomba guhangayikishwa niki?

Muri LED inganda zose kandi ni ubuhe bucuruzi?Uhereye kubikorwa byose byiterambere, ibigo bitanu agaciro kishoramari cyane.

Icyiciro cyuburenganzira bwumutungo wubwenge nubucuruzi bwibanze.Icyumba cya forthe guteza imbere imishinga nkiyi mugari yagutse cyane imbere muri kaminuza ya kaminuza ya Nanchang yashizeho ikigega gihuriweho n’abikorera ku giti cyabo ni thecrystal irashobora kuba isanzwe ihagarariye ifoto y’amashanyarazi, ifoto y’amashanyarazi irashobora gukorwa na tekinoroji ya GaN epitaxial Blu-ray ikoranabuhanga rya mbere ku isi Umucyo umwe tekinoroji yo guca ibintu byemewe na Nichia na Cree kuzitira, isosiyete yashinzwe hafi yurwego ruriho -ku nganda zigomba kugenzurwa;indi Luming forDalian, isosiyete ibinyujije mu kugura inganda za LED zo muri Amerika zo gukora chip ikora tekinoroji ya AXT yiyongera, kugera kuri tekinoroji ya tekinoroji ya morethan 40, hamwe nitsinda ryaba tekinike.Inaddition, Dalian Luming yishora mubutaka budasanzwe kuva ibintu bisohora umwimerere, byera muguhuza ifu ya fluorescent yatewe mugukora inkombe, ni kimwe mubikorwa byisi ku isi gusa bake bashobora kubyara ibikoresho bitanga urumuri rutanga urumuri rushobora kwibeshya.Byongeye kandi, birashoboka ko R & D Luming ifu idasanzwe-ifu yubutaka, intambwe ya Nichla, Oaram ikoranabuhanga ryumucyo wera, nka patenti, kubikorwa byinganda zo murugo Mubisanzwe LED yamurika muri bariyeri zanyuma!Itara ryera rya LED igihe cyose twomajor “igisitaza” - ipatanti ya Blu-ray hamwe na patenti yera kugirango itere imbere, inganda za LED zo mu gihugu imbere ejo hazaza heza kubandi bashoramari bo murugo kugirango bagerageze ubushobozi bwinganda.

Ibindi bigo mubikorwa bya chip nikoranabuhanga kugirango bikurikirane neza gukora ubucuruzi.Ubushobozi bwo gukora igishushanyo mbonera cya chip no gutunganya icyatsi kibisi kingana kandi cyibanze cyane muri Saman Xiamen, Umuhanda wa Dalian, Amerika (Lumingsubsidiaries), ibigo byinshi nka 士兰微, igipimo cyibicuruzwa hamwe na LED-ray gusa Saman gusa

Xiamen.X. ; Byongeye kandi, optoelectronics yo muri Tayiwani hamwe na Epistar yamenyesheje gushinga inganda i Xiamen, ishyirwaho ry’ibanze rya indus vial cluster kugira ngo ryongere ubushobozi bw’inganda n’abakozi ba tekinike bashyigikira urujya n'uruza rw'iterambere ry’abo batatu na bo bafite uruhare runini mu kuzamura. 士兰微 ubushobozi bwubururu-chip100kk / ukwezi, urwego rwikoranabuhanga rigezweho rya chip, isosiyete izaba muri Kanama ebyiri nshya MoCVD, Muri ebyiri umwaka utaha, ubushobozi buzaba beblue-chip 300kk / ukwezi, mugihe avallable brlght itukura nicyatsi nubururuLED chip , LED chip kugurisha Muri 2007 biteganijwe ko izagera kuri miliyoni 200。